教師資格證考試備考：英語(yǔ)學(xué)科要點(diǎn)（一）

http://ningxia.hteacher.net 2024-07-29 10:44 寧夏教師資格證 [您的教師考試網(wǎng)]

考點(diǎn) 1·詞匯辨析

 

achieve“（憑長(zhǎng)期努力）達(dá)到（某目標(biāo)、地位、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)），完成，成功”，approach“接近”，attain“（通常指經(jīng)過(guò)努力）獲得，達(dá)到”，acquire“學(xué)到，取到”；

 

award “獎(jiǎng)品，獎(jiǎng)金”，reward “獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，回報(bào)，懸賞金”，allowance“津貼，補(bǔ)貼”，prize“獎(jiǎng)，獎(jiǎng)品，難能可貴的事物”；

at times“有時(shí)”， to the minute“恰好，一分不差”，day by day “一天天”，around the clock“晝夜不停地”；

other than“除了……以外，不同于，不（常用于否定結(jié)構(gòu)中）”，

 

rather than“而不是……”，or rather“更確切地說(shuō)”，or else“否則，

 

要不然”。

 

考點(diǎn) 2·動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)

 

（1 ）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示按計(jì)劃安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。She is leaving for Beijing.

（2）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)代替一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，描繪更加生動(dòng)。The Yangtze River is flowing into the east.

（3）現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)著重表示動(dòng)作一直在進(jìn)行，即動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性時(shí)。

 

— Hi, Tracy, you look tired.

— I am tired. I have been painting the living room all day.

 

（4）下面主動(dòng)形式常表示被動(dòng)意義：

The window wants/needs/requires repairing.

The book is worth reading twice. The door won’t shut.

The play won’t act. The book sells well.

The dish tastes delicious. Water feels very cold.

 

考點(diǎn) 3·狀語(yǔ)從句

 

（1）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句

 

常用引導(dǎo)詞：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since, till,

until

 

特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the

 

1

 

版權(quán)所有翻印究

 

day, the instant, immediately, directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when

 

I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.

Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.

 

（2）目的狀語(yǔ)從句

 

常用引導(dǎo)詞：so that, in order that

 

特殊引導(dǎo)詞：lest, in case, for fear that, in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that

The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.

 

The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.

 

（3）讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

 

常用引導(dǎo)詞：though, although, even if, even though

 

特殊引導(dǎo)詞：as (用在讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中須要倒裝), while (一般

 

用在句首), no matter…, in spite of the fact that, whatever, whoever, wherver, whenever, however, whichever

Much as I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal.

The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.

考點(diǎn) 4·主語(yǔ)從句

 

引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的連詞 that 有時(shí)可省，有時(shí)不能省，其原則是：

 

若that 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句直接位于句首，則 that 不能省略；若 that 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句位于句末，而在句首使用了形式主語(yǔ) it，則 that 可以

省略。

 

如：That you didn’t go to the talk was a pity.

It was a pity (that) you didn’t go to the talk.

 

考點(diǎn) 5·定語(yǔ)從句

 

先行詞只用 which/ who/ whom 的情況：

 

（1 ）在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，只能用 which 指代物，用 who/whom 指人。

 

（2）在由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中，只能用which 指物，whom 指人（“介詞+ which”一般在定語(yǔ)從句中分別做

 

時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因狀語(yǔ)，于是“介詞+ which”可以分別用 when, wher, why 代替）。

（3）先行詞本身是 that 時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用 which，先行詞為 those, one, he 時(shí)多用 who。

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