教師招聘考試英語虛擬語氣

https://jiaoshi.huatu.com 2023-07-06 13:37 教師招聘網(wǎng) [您的教師考試網(wǎng)]

預(yù)測(cè)一：虛擬語氣在 if 非真實(shí)條件句中的規(guī)則變化

非真實(shí)條件句表示的是假設(shè)的或?qū)嶋H可能性不大的情況，故采用虛擬語氣。

	從句	主句
與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反	did/were	would (should/could/might) do
與過去事實(shí)相反	had done	would (should/could/might) have done
與將來事實(shí)相反	did/were; were to do; should do	would (should/could/might) do

 

預(yù)測(cè)二：if 非真實(shí)條件句的倒裝

虛擬條件句的從句部分含有 were，should 或 had 時(shí)，可省略 if，再把 were，should 或 had

移到從句的句首進(jìn)行倒裝。例如：

Were they here now, they could help us. = If they were here now, they could help us.

他們現(xiàn)在要是在的話，就會(huì)幫助我們了。

Had you come earlier, you would have met him. =If you had come earlier, you would have met

him. 你來得早一點(diǎn)，就碰到他了。

Should it rain, the crops would be saved. =Were it to rain, the crops would be saved.

 

假如下雨，莊稼就有救了。

預(yù)測(cè)三：錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句的虛擬語氣

有時(shí)，主句與從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在不同的時(shí)間，主句從句謂語動(dòng)詞的虛擬語氣形式因時(shí)間不

同而不同，這種條件句叫做錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句。例如：

If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now. 如果你昨天問過他，今天就

知道做什么了。(從句與過去事實(shí)相反，主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反。)

If it had rained last night, it would be very cold today. 如果昨晚下過雨，今天就會(huì)很冷了。

預(yù)測(cè)四：含蓄條件句的虛擬語氣

有時(shí)為了表達(dá)的需要，在虛擬語氣中并不總是會(huì)出現(xiàn) if 引導(dǎo)的條件句，而是通過其他手段

來代替條件句。其主要表現(xiàn)形式如下：

用 with, without, but for, otherwise, or, under 等代替條件狀語從句。例如：Without water, there would be no life. 若是地球上無水，就無生命。

But for the meeting, I would have gone home at the time. 要不是開會(huì)，我早就回家了。

I was too busy at that time, otherwise, I would have called you. 我當(dāng)時(shí)太忙，否則我就給你打電話了。

預(yù)測(cè)五：名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣

(1)It is demanded (requested/required/insisted/suggested/proposed...) /important (essential/

necessary/natural/imperative...) / a pity (a shame/no wonder...) + that... 等結(jié)構(gòu)的主語從句，謂語動(dòng)

詞用 should 加動(dòng)詞原形，should 可省略。例如：

It is demanded that the president (should) make measures to end the economic recession.

人們要求總統(tǒng)應(yīng)該采取措施阻止經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退。

It is necessary that he (should) go to see a doctor. 他應(yīng)該去看醫(yī)生，這是必要的。

It is a pity that he (should) fail to come to the party. 他沒能參加這個(gè)聚會(huì)，真是遺憾。

(2)用于賓語從句中

在表示命令、建議、要求(如 demand, command, request, require, insist, suggest, propose,

order, recommend)等一類動(dòng)詞后面的從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞用 should 加動(dòng)詞原形，should 可省略。

例如：I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week. 我建議下周召開個(gè)會(huì)議。

He insisted that he (should) be sent there. 他要求被派到那兒去。

 

注意：若 suggest，insist 用于其本意 “ 暗示、表明 ”“ 堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為 ” 時(shí)，賓語從句用陳述語氣。

例如：Your pale face suggests that you are ill./ I insisted that you were wrong.

(3) 在 demand/command/request/requirement/insistence/suggestion/advice/proposal/recom

mendation/idea/plan/order 等表示要求、建議和命令等名詞后面的表語從句、同位語從句中的動(dòng)

詞要用虛擬語氣，即(should)+ 動(dòng)詞原形。例如：

My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference. 我的想法是讓更多的人來參加會(huì)議。

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