如何攻破非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的出題套路？

https://jiaoshi.huatu.com 2020-08-25 14:58 中國(guó)教師資格網(wǎng) [您的教師考試網(wǎng)]

正如各位考生所了解的，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞僅有三類形式：to do，-ing和-ed三種形式，但是它們的用法卻十分廣泛，它向來都是各類英語(yǔ)考試的“寵兒”，無論是單項(xiàng)選擇題，還是完型填空題、閱讀理解題，甚至是在翻譯題中也會(huì)有所涉及。為了更好地幫助各位參加教師招聘考試的考生更好地掌握非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法，筆者有意在接下來的內(nèi)容中跟大家分享一下自己總結(jié)為出來的一些解題秘訣，并在秘訣后面附上相應(yīng)的題目來解釋這些秘訣的適用范圍。根據(jù)這些秘訣，相信同學(xué)們應(yīng)該能夠更輕松地應(yīng)對(duì)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的出題套路!

秘訣一、逗號(hào)中間需連詞，沒有連詞非謂語(yǔ)充。

例1.many times，but he still couldn’t understand it.

A. Having been told B. Having told

C. He had been told D. Though he had been told

例2._________ many times, he still couldn’t understand it.

A. Having been told B. Having told

C. He had been told D. Though he had told

【解析】例1中有連詞but連接，表明前后都是句子，所以答案為C;例2中后面是一個(gè)句子，而且沒有連詞，所以前面不是句子，應(yīng)該用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)句意此處為被動(dòng)，所以答案為A。

秘訣二、不及物動(dòng)詞無-ed形式非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，及物動(dòng)詞有賓語(yǔ)時(shí)用-ing形式，無賓語(yǔ)時(shí)用-ed形式。

例3.____________ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.

A. Having lost B. Lost

C. Being lost D. Losing

【解析】lose為及物動(dòng)詞，現(xiàn)在后面沒有賓語(yǔ)，所以用-ed形式，答案為B。

例4.__________, I really believe that I’d prefer not to make any change now.

A.Considered all the possibilities

B.Taking all the possibilities into consideration

C.Taken all the possibilities into consideration

D.Giving all the possibilities

【解析】把……考慮進(jìn)來結(jié)構(gòu)為take sth.into consideration，現(xiàn)在take后面有賓語(yǔ)all the possibilities，所以用-ing形式，答案為B。

秘訣三、being done 表示“正在被”，一般不作狀語(yǔ)，只作定語(yǔ)。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)形式to have done或having done強(qiáng)調(diào)該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前。

例5.to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead.

A. Fail B. Failed

C. To fail D. Having failed

【解析】根據(jù)句意“我們沒有打通電話，就給他們發(fā)了個(gè)郵件”，沒有打通電話應(yīng)該發(fā)生在發(fā)郵件之前，所以用having done，答案為D。

例6.Tim Bemers-Lee is generally considered _____ the World Wide Web, on which all the information is shared by all.

A. to have founded B. having founded

C. founding D. to found

【解析】根據(jù)句意，Tim Bemers-Lee創(chuàng)立萬維網(wǎng)應(yīng)該是過去的事情，而且be considered后面應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞不定式，所以應(yīng)該用to have done，答案為A。

秘訣四、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示將來用to do，表正在進(jìn)行用-ing，表示已經(jīng)完成用-ed。

例7.The play_____ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.

A. produced B. being produced

C. to be produced D. having been produced

【解析】根據(jù)本題中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)next month，可知the play將于下月被創(chuàng)作出來，表將來應(yīng)該用to do，所以答案為C。

例8.The trees _____ in the storm have been moved off the road.

A. being blown down B. blown down

C. blowing down D.to blow down

【解析】根據(jù)句意“被暴風(fēng)雨刮倒的樹已經(jīng)從路上移走了”，樹被刮倒是過去已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，表已經(jīng)完成用-ed形式，所以答案為B。

秘訣五、介詞后跟-ing形式，可以在-ing前加邏輯主語(yǔ)。

例9.The discovery of new evidence led to ______________.

A. the thief having been caught B. the thief to be caught

C. catch the thief D. the thief being caught

【解析】本題led to中的to是介詞，后面應(yīng)該用-ing形式，the thief作-ing的邏輯主語(yǔ)，所以答案為D。

例10.At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ____ could be heard outside the classroom.

【解析】本題the noise of中的of是介詞，后面應(yīng)該用-ing形式，desks作-ing的邏輯主語(yǔ)，所以答案為C。

秘訣六、-ing形式或to do可作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，-ed形式則不可以。

例11.___________in a heavy traffic jam is quite an unpleasant experience.

A. Caught B. Having caught

C. Being caught D. To catch

【解析】本題中is為系動(dòng)詞，前面應(yīng)該作主語(yǔ)，用-ing形式，所以答案為C。

例12.______twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver must obey in this city.

A. Examining B. Examined

C. Being examined D. Having been examined

【解析】本題中is為系動(dòng)詞，前面應(yīng)該作主語(yǔ)，用-ing形式，所以答案為C。

秘訣七、be+-ed+介詞結(jié)構(gòu)?？砂裝e去掉保留-ed+介詞做狀語(yǔ)。

例13.Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, ______with his old one.

A. comparing B. compares

C. to compare D. compared

【解析】“和……相比較”結(jié)構(gòu)為be compared with，現(xiàn)在做句子的狀語(yǔ)，所以只保留非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，把動(dòng)詞be去掉，答案為D。

責(zé)任編輯：郭爽